Reading response papers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Reading response papers - Essay Example ecting these matters; but I will endeavor to describe, in the best manner in my power, what I have myself seen; and imperfectly as I may succeed in the attempt, I am fully aware that the account will appear so wonderful as to be deemed scarcely worthy of credit; since even we who have seen these things with our own eyes, are yet so amazed as to be unable to comprehend their reality. But your Majesty may be assured that if there is any fault in my relation, either in regard to the present subject, or to any other matters of which I shall give your Majesty an account, it will arise from too great brevity rather than extravagance or prolixity in the details; and it seems to me but just to my Prince and Sovereign to declare the truth in the clearest manner, without saying anything that would detract from it, or add to it. Hernan Cortà ©s’ introduction to his description of the city of Temixtitlan is designed to arouse Charles V’s interest, and to impress the monarch with the great value of the territory which the conquistador has obtained for him. Cortà ©s’ is obviously under great need to justify his unilateral actions in Mexico and seeks to obtain the king’s sanction. His account of the treasure in the city, the marvelous architecture, the cornucopia of products available in the numerous markets, the magnificent temples, pleasure houses and palaces, the enviable water supply system, the refinement of the natives, his estimation of the extent of Moctezuma’s domain and Moctezuma’s elaborate lifestyle, are all couched in the most extravagant terms. It is difficult to believe Cortà ©s’ claim that his account is â€Å"the truth in the clearest manner.† The excessive length of his descriptions of everything, ranging from the produce available in the marketplace to the birds and animals in the pleasure houses, can definitely be considered to be examples of â€Å"prolixity.† Cortà ©s is evidently keen that Charles V perceives Temixtitlan to be superior to any city

Alternative Energy Source Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alternative Energy Source - Essay Example Scientists, conservationists, lobbyists, and a range of other scholars have explored on the subject of alternative energy source through various perspectives. Their views represent the various schools of thought that have emerged to define the problem. Publications and research work developed about the subject have often been classified into major themes including the depletion of fossil fuels, rising levels of consumption, safety, pollution, types of alternative sources of energy, the cost factor, and sustainability (Michaelides 41). These themes are considered along local and universal perspectives. In essence, some of the issues that connect to the development of alternative energy sources are consistent with the view that the developmental needs of humanity are entirely dependent on the availability of sufficient clean energy, which does not pose any significant threat to the eco-systems around the world. On this note, it becomes important to consider the fact that debate on the production of alternative source of energy is also understood together with the need to lessen the kind of crises that have defined competition over the existing forms energy. A major factor of consideration is the fact that the economies of nearly all the countries around the world are driven by the influence of energy on other sectors, which affect the performance of markets and other indicators. Challenges of monopoly over oil, for instance, have contributed to fears in the developing and the developed world of dominance and manipulation of the economic order in ways that could impact negatively on the aspect of globalization and liberalization of world economies (Kruger 66). Consequently, it becomes necessary to investigate available options to the question of alternative sources of energy and the need to resolve current issues affecting the development of energy levels. A wide range of research work has indicated that the world supply of oil has reduced drastically over the pas t century. Fears continue to grip the developed and the developing world over the question of sustainability and the impact of the reduction on the stability of the world economy. On this matter, research has shown that many countries will face significant challenges in the running of their industries as the fuel levels continue to reduce (Kowalski 30). Industrialization has been accepted as an important benchmark of development. Countries continue to grapple with the challenge in various ways that underscore the different levels of impact across the globe. Estimates from multiple sources indicate that the depletion of fossil fuels might reach crisis levels in about 50 years. The same research shows that many countries have continued to allocate significant amounts of money in their budgets to research initiatives aimed at promoting the development of alternative energy sources to complement or supplement the dwindling supplies of fossil fuels. The rise of China as a major industria l economic power has also been cited in a wide range of research work as a contributing factor to the insecurities about fuel, which continue to threaten world stability. China has been mentioned in these research works as a leading consumer of fuel in the world. It remains a major importer of oil and

Modifying Consumer Behaviour Sustainable Development Environmental Sciences Essay

Modifying Consumer Behaviour Sustainable Development Environmental Sciences Essay The use of plastic bags warrants attention in the sustainable consumption debate, especially when packaging accounts for a significant amount of the resources consumed and waste generated by our consumer lifestyles. Governments, retailers and manufacturers are striving to improve sustainability performance by finding ways to reduce plastic bag use. The authors have done sufficient research in providing a global perspective through approaches adopted by different countries in reducing their plastic use. For example, India banned the use of plastic bags while voluntary action is on the part of consumers and the business community to reduce plastic bag use in the UK. References obtained by the authors are credible and reliable as information was based on recent data and reputable sources. The authors also present a balanced view of both advantages and disadvantages of plastics bags. They are energy efficient to produce, cost-effective, convenient to store and easy to use. However, they have adverse impacts in terms of waste disposal and one significant problem is that plastic bags are non-biodegradable and take at least hundred years to decompose. When they break down in size, they kill marine animals which mistake the plastic bags for food and ingest them (Aldred, 2007). Plastic bags clog drainage systems and create pollution where discarded plastic bags float in oceans. Large amounts of money also have to be spent on cleaning up the plastic bags and the damages caused by them (Russo, 2012). However, the claim that many countries spend a substantial amount on cleaning up the plastic bags and the damages caused by them is not justified. In many cases, these claims are merely guesses by advocates instead of data based on actual studies, and cost is often thrown in as a justification after bans are enacted for political reasons (†¦). Science also does not support the fact that plastic bags do any genuine harm. Plastic bags end up doing less damage than other alternatives and the benefits that the bags offer far outweigh their cost. Independent studies also show that plastic bags are environmentally preferable to paper because plastic bags have a lighter environmental footprint than paper and when they are reused, they are preferable to the reusable plastic totes. In addition, current plastic bags use 70% less plastic than those of 20 years previously and account for less fuel to transport, fewer emissions than paper bags. Nevertheless, moderate reuse; plastic totes mad e from polypropylene are better for the environment even though plastic bags are a more environmentally friendly choice than paper bags and reusable totes. Due to the damaging environmental effects which plastic bags have, countries like Taiwan banned the use of plastics bags to reduce environmental issues such as litter and landfill. With a ban on plastic bags, funds would be redirected to infrastructures. Consumer demand shift toward other alternatives, creating more opportunities for entrepreneurs to come up with alternatives to plastic. Companies that manufacture reusable bags could also expand their product lines and create more jobs (..). However, research by †¦ revealed that banning of plastic bags would lead to an increase in paper bag production, resulting in a greater amount of methane being released in landfill. Other research also revealed that banning plastic bags does not help the environment as it increase carbon emissions and other environmental problems. Research by Lane showed that even though most of the waste in landfill sites comes from packaging, plastic bags form only a small fraction of the litter stream. They occupy lesser of the landfill space, leading to lesser greenhouse gases and pollution, as compared to wood and paper (British Retail Consortium News, 2007). I agree with the authors assumption that plastic-bag bans would not lead to a long-term solution in saving the environment. The use of materials and energy should not be restricted where only unnecessary use of plastic bags is avoided. Instead, there should be a sustainable use of everything which includes the reinforcement of public awareness and motivation to reduce, reuse and recycle (3Rs) to resolve environmental problems. Therefore, some countries like UK do not support an outright ban on plastic and seek other possible alternatives such as reusable totes or paper bags or having a tax imposed on plastic bags. Prendergast et al. (2001) found that consumers are more likely to reuse a paper bag an average of 2.7 times whereas a plastic bag will be reused 1.6 times and retaining a paper bag over a plastic bag leads to increased re-usage. However, alternatives such as reusable totes and paper bags have a worse effect on the environment than plastic bags. Plastic bags require 40 perce nt less energy than paper bags and that paper bag manufacturing creates 70 percent more air pollution and 50 percent more water pollution (†¦). Alternatives to plastic bags may not be practical because in many cases, efforts to increase bag recycling have shown minimal success to date (†¦). Furthermore, when governments outlaw plastic bags to encourage consumers to use other environmentally damaging products, more pollution is actually created. There might also be society and economic impacts on the less affluent in terms of employment loss, due to reduced plastic bag manufacturing Another possible alternative which the authors did not consider could be the recycling of plastic bags in recycling centers where plastic is melt and polymers are reused to carpets or clothes. However, plastic recycling has proven to be difficult to process mechanically as plastic bags are made of polyethylene where it is often labour intensive and cost intensive to sort plastic waste. A key assumption made by the authors is that plastic bags bans are beneficial for the environment. Therefore, the issue of banning plastic bags still remain a controversy as many variables are at play and the process of changing consumer behaviour in relation to plastic bag use can be a complex one. There are different perspectives as to how such consumption should be modified. For countries such as Bangladesh and India, flooding and public health concerns resulted in the use of legislation to ban the use of plastic bags. Plastic bag bans can prevent flooding in urban areas and human health problems. In the UK, voluntary action is on the part of consumers and the business community to reduce plastic bag use. Consumers are urged to reduce their use of plastic bags while manufacturers and retailers are expected to introduce measures to encourage consumers to act responsibly. Other countries like Italy, Ireland and Denmark prefer to impose tax to encourage consumers to reduce plastic bag use and taxes collected can help raise revenue for further environmental improvement. To conclude, the use of plastic bags have a great impact on sustainable consumption and changing consumer behavior through voluntary action, legislation banning the use of plastic bags, or taxing their use can make an effective contribution to a more sustainable future.

An Analytical Essay on the Humor in Hamlet :: The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays

An Analytical Essay on the Humor in Hamlet    Humor was added to Hamlet by two major scenes, along with Hamlet's use of his antic-disposition. These two were: the scene between Hamlet and Polonius in the library, and the scene with the grave diggers (the clowns).    The scene between Hamlet and Polonius took place in Act II Scene 2. In Hamlet's first encounter with Polonius, he immediately insulted the old man by calling him a "fishmonger". He then quickly changed his opinion and complemented Polonius by calling him an honest man. Hamlet said, "to be honest, as this world goes, is to be one man picked out of ten thousand". As we know Polonius definitely was not such a man. Hamlet was portrayed as a clever lad, who was playing a psychological game with an old fool. He asked Polonius whether or not he had a daughter, pretending he did not know that Ophelia was Polonius's daughter. When Hamlet was asked about what he was reading, he replied by saying, "words, words, words". Throughout this scene, Hamlet revealed himself to Polonius as a mentally unstable man. He was playing a fool himself, while ingeniously using this to make Polonius look like an even bigger fool. He cleverly insulted Polonius' appearances indirectly, by referring to the book he was reading. According to that book old men had grey beards, their faces were wrinkled, they had a plentiful lack of wit, and so on. He was describing Polonius exactly. Perhaps the most humorous part took place when Hamlet, while saying, "for yourself, sir, shall grow old as I am, if like a crab you could go backward",   he advanced towards Polonius, causing him to walk backwards. Those words and the actions on the stage   revealed Hamlet to be a daring young man. When Polonius finally left, Hamlet dropped his pretense and yelled, "These tedious old fools!". In Act III Scene 2, Hamlet used a recorder, the musical instrument, as a telescope when Polonius entered the scene. He asked Polonius, "Do you see yonder cloud that's almost in shape of a camel?". Hamlet always pretended to be the madman in front of Polonius, while he actually made him look like an old fool.       The scene with the grave diggers (the clowns), took place in Act V Scene I. The clowns were discussing Ophelia's death and were making fun of the case of Sir James Hales, who also drowned himself. An Analytical Essay on the Humor in Hamlet :: The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays An Analytical Essay on the Humor in Hamlet    Humor was added to Hamlet by two major scenes, along with Hamlet's use of his antic-disposition. These two were: the scene between Hamlet and Polonius in the library, and the scene with the grave diggers (the clowns).    The scene between Hamlet and Polonius took place in Act II Scene 2. In Hamlet's first encounter with Polonius, he immediately insulted the old man by calling him a "fishmonger". He then quickly changed his opinion and complemented Polonius by calling him an honest man. Hamlet said, "to be honest, as this world goes, is to be one man picked out of ten thousand". As we know Polonius definitely was not such a man. Hamlet was portrayed as a clever lad, who was playing a psychological game with an old fool. He asked Polonius whether or not he had a daughter, pretending he did not know that Ophelia was Polonius's daughter. When Hamlet was asked about what he was reading, he replied by saying, "words, words, words". Throughout this scene, Hamlet revealed himself to Polonius as a mentally unstable man. He was playing a fool himself, while ingeniously using this to make Polonius look like an even bigger fool. He cleverly insulted Polonius' appearances indirectly, by referring to the book he was reading. According to that book old men had grey beards, their faces were wrinkled, they had a plentiful lack of wit, and so on. He was describing Polonius exactly. Perhaps the most humorous part took place when Hamlet, while saying, "for yourself, sir, shall grow old as I am, if like a crab you could go backward",   he advanced towards Polonius, causing him to walk backwards. Those words and the actions on the stage   revealed Hamlet to be a daring young man. When Polonius finally left, Hamlet dropped his pretense and yelled, "These tedious old fools!". In Act III Scene 2, Hamlet used a recorder, the musical instrument, as a telescope when Polonius entered the scene. He asked Polonius, "Do you see yonder cloud that's almost in shape of a camel?". Hamlet always pretended to be the madman in front of Polonius, while he actually made him look like an old fool.       The scene with the grave diggers (the clowns), took place in Act V Scene I. The clowns were discussing Ophelia's death and were making fun of the case of Sir James Hales, who also drowned himself.

Bully In schools Essay

At times people tend to fear for their lives especially when being intimidated by someone who has a stronger might than them. By this the common term in today’s society is known as Bullying. Bullying is the use of force, threat, by pressuring one to be abused, intimidated, or imposing domination over others through fear. To this Sort of issue there are two sides to this manner, by one imposing threat with a result of being maliciously handled and the other being intimated by the dominant opponent who is pressing upon the weaker person. To as much as this may occur in America there are many ways to being bullied. There is verbal bullying which involves being harassed or picked on. Another one of the most common bullying today is cyber bullying which involves being bullied on the internet by perpetrators who are sickly involve to embarrass one individual because of features, gender, et cetera due to unjust hate and prejudice. Lastly another type of bullying is the Physical aspect of imposing fear by using abusive touches, by which one is maliciously abused or attacked. Bullying in schools has taken a height in violence and abuse where groups of students are not able to go to school due to intimidation and fear. This proposal will focus on the prevalence’s of bullying, why students and others should really care, and ways to address the issues of progressive bullying for future events. There are issues in which bullying shows the cases of Verbal-Bullying, Cyber-Bullying, and Physical –Bullying which can be all resolved with that of prevention strategies, which can restrict bullying by doing more than just creating programs to hope preventing bullying in schools. Verbal bullying is the cause of how bullies carryout there plans to intimidate, basically is the starting process. Many are times where we as ordinary unique people naturally hate to be teased by anybody that we do not  like or may not even know. The NICHD said that bullying can be â€Å"belittling insults about looks and speech where a common form of bullying won’t be identified† (Greenya, 2005). By this bullying at one point was mainly an era of just insults that cite violence and just plainly making in front of someone that is smaller and weaker. â€Å"Many victims of verbal bullying are affected in very real ways. Verbal bullying can affect one’s self image, and affect someone in emotional and psychological ways. This type of bullying can lead to low self-esteem, as well as depression and other problems. It can aggravate problems that a victim may already be experiencing at home or in other places. In some cases, verbal bullying can reach a point where the victim is so depressed† (Greenya, 2005). Bullying has evolved to playing around or joking around to simply insulting a person by just talking or teasing that person, and in most cases in verbal bullying is the foundation of different types bullying that are happening today. Verbal bullying can be the case of a fourth grader who is being teased around by his or her classmates who do not think he or she is cool enough to hang with them. â€Å"According to the report, more than half of the 8,289 students who committed acts of harassment or bullying were in grades 5 through 8†(McGlone, 2013) in schools. The â€Å"funny† thing is that â€Å"seventy-seven percent of bullying was verbal† (McGlone, 2013) during a school year. With statistics at high in schools calls for some attention in some cases especially dealing with scenarios like name calling which also should call for some disciplinary charges from the teacher or headmaster (principal) who can stop the abuse by initiating equality amongst the students i n the sense that no matter the differences there should never be bullying. Verbal bullying is more than just game playing or name calling is the cause of most social problems for some children. The way things form in school will also be happening in other places like workplaces and other places of companionship. When a child is being teased in school they are six out of ten times to skip school. If verbal abuse cannot seem to stop there will be other ways of abuse, therefore the ways to stop verbal bullying by people, and students like â€Å"Ignore the bully: This is difficult, but if you can shrug off insults and provide no reaction, there is a chance that eventually the bully will move on to someone who provides a more interesting and responsive target, Remain civil: Do not resort to rudeness yourself. Many bullies lose interest if you  do not sink to their level. Also, if you act rudely and aggressively yourself, you may invite a physical confrontation, which could add physical hurts to the emotional. Look for other sources of enjoyment: After school activities and other interests and hobbies can help you take your mind off of the verbal bullying.†(Greenya, 2005). By just putting on a straight face cannot help prevent future situations so getting more awareness and standing up for somebody can be a perfect way to alleviate stress and mental pains.   Cyber bullying is another extremism of harassment which can be insulting, threatening or even spreading rumors about an individual online. Even though cyber bullying is a social problem in the United States, individuals who are in power to do things should try and improve-bullying. In the article of CQ Researcher about bullying â€Å"the senator of Indiana Tom Wyss proposed anti-bullying legislation after seeing reports on the news investigating bullying in his state†( Billitteri, 2008). The senator recalls â€Å"Of kids getting beat up; of girls saying things on the internet like so-and-so is sleeping with so-and-so† (Billitteri, 2008) are common ideals of cyber bullying in schools and in public. Some of the perspectives of cyber- bullying are â€Å"sending mean messages or threats to a person’s email account or cell phone, spreading rumors online or through texts, posting hurtful or threatening messages on social networking sites or web pages, stealing a person’s account information to break into their account and send damaging messages† (Koch, 2000). For a senator to see comments like that online is enough proof to that cyber bullying is taking its peak. The senator went on to push for better support on anti-bullying, after seeing that children are committing suicide and suicide itself is on the rise. Another way one should look at bullying is the fact that some students are willing to go to the extreme by just ousting their problems. â€Å"In the October 1997 a student in Pearl, Miss., murdered his mother, then opened fire on classmates, killing two students and wounding seven. Two months later came the Paducah shootings. In 1998 two middle-school students in Jonesboro, Ark., killed four students and a teacher and wounded nine others† (Billitteri, 2008). In some or most cases the result from embarrassment online depending on the victim is seven out of ten times to commit suicide. Suicide is a very sudden thought to killing oneself due to thoughts of impoverished feelings due to  aggression and embarrassment. Suicide killing in the United States is a very common act especially for young teens from ages fourteen to their adult age of twenty-one. There are ways to address cyber bullying in points which are â€Å"Talking to teens about cyber bullying, explaining that it is wrong and can have serious consequences. Make a rule that teens may not send mean or damaging messages, even if someone else started it, or suggestive pictures or messages or they will lose their cell phone and computer privileges for a time, Encourage teens to tell an adult if cyber bullying is occurring. Tell them if they are the victims they will not be punished, and reassure them that being bullied is not their fault† (Hansing, 2004). Those are the ways of dealing with cyber bullying and also getting authority to be involved. Another result of cyber bullying is going on from the stepping stone from cyber bullying to physical abuse in other terms physical bullying. Nobody likes to be embarrassment or abuse on the internet which of course is a total disgrace and a bred of shame. Physical Bullying is another form of abuse which is done with malice. Nobody likes to be abused just because their overweight issues, sexual orientation or uniqueness. Many times researchers say that people who have been bullied in school are mostly because they are overweight, gay or et cetera. The result of these end up in physical abuse which is either a kid getting beat up by two or more kids who are more stronger and effective in number. â€Å"A lot of the issues that kids get into fights over are the same as they were 25 years ago,† he says. â€Å"What’s turn to weapons to end a dispute† (Koch, 2000). By this happening children who are beat up are most likely eight times out of ten times aware of danger next time before it happens again. The serious issue in the United States is decreasing the rate of teen suicide. Most of the reasons for teenage suicide is mainly due to physical abuse. This is a case that is not to be taken lightly as it is serious issue. According to CQ research â€Å"Gay students are also three to seven times more likely to attempt suicide; five times likely to miss school because they feel unsafe; four times as likely to be threatened with a weapon at school, and three times as likely to be hurt so badly in a fight that they need medical attention†(John Greenya, 2005). The case of bully because one is gay is very silly and senseless due to the fact that there is no  discipline from teachers and the headmaster. What are the ways to prevent physical abuse? Nobody really wants to step up to tackle physical bullying that is why there needs to be more reinforcements in how to prevent physical abuse. In the case of bullying and other abuses, there are ways to stop bullying and other kinds of abuses. The verbal bullying can be stopped by just reporting to a higher authority. For example a child of the age of five who is picked on by a group of students, the child can report to the teacher who is has the authority to punish the other students for abusing verbally. Another aspect of bullying which of course is cyber bullying which deals with abuses or the spreading of rumors online can be stopped can by simply contacting the authorities like the policemen who can resolve issues by handling the matter of the abuse. Lastly the aspect of physical bullying can be dealt with by taking the matter to court depending on how serious the abuse is, also pressing charges is a way dealing with matter. â€Å"Understand that the accusations, allegations, criticisms, taunts etc that the bullies make are all false and are a projection of the bullies’ own weaknesses, shortcomings, wrongdoings and failings. Whilst the accusations often contain a grain of truth, that grain of truth is there to fool you into thinking the whole accusation has validity, which it does not. The bullies’ have criticisms, allegation, accusation, taunts etc have no validity whatsoever. It is important to understand this† (Field, 2012) Bullying can be dealt with in so many ways it is the amount of support behind if that would have people looking at it as bad character instead of belittling it as a tease. Bullying is something of a disgrace in society where it has no control nor can it be subdued. Day by day four out of ten people in the United States of America commit suicide due to bullying, which is definitely not the answer nor is it a cure, it is simply taking your own life because of dis tress and nobody to back you up. The only way to get rid of a problem is to find a solution and the case with bullying in general is reporting. Annotated Bibliography Billitteri, Thomas J. â€Å"Discipline in Schools.† CQ Researcher 15 Feb. 2008: 145-68. Web. 24 Nov. This article talks about the differences in the schools and how school official are not doing enough to straighten issues in school one of which is bullying. There are many issues with bullying especially the aspects of the physical bullying and point which need to be address in schools. Students are not behaving like the way they should behave as the young academicians in schools. All of these are due to the fact there are more privileges being given to the wrong students who are empower to control student associations and et cetera. This article was very helpful to me due the fact there were lots of information take from in the article that were plentiful. Some of the quotes that are used in the article talk about rumours that talk â€Å"Of kids getting beat up; of girls saying things on the internet like so-and-so is sleeping with so-and-so† which show some the petty things people say. This quote will be used especially to talk about the things mentioned from a speech of a former governor of Indiana. This source is credible to the fact that it backs with some of the major events taken place in chronological order such a case â€Å"In the October 1997 a student in Pearl, Miss., murdered his mother, then opened fire on classmates, killing two students and wounding seven. Two months later came the Paducah shootings. In 1998 two middle-school students in Jonesboro, Ark., killed four students and a teacher and wounded nine others†. During these events students were both bullied and victims of attacks. These quotes will be used to talk about the physical and verbal aspects of bullying in schools. Field, Tim. â€Å"How to Combat Child Bullying and Tackle Bullying at SchoolExcerpts Summarised Tim Field’s BookBullycide: Death at Playtime.† How to Combat School Bullying, Action to Tackle School Bullying and How to Overcome Child Bullying. N.p., 13 Nov. 2012. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. This article is more of an informative article which tells us different ways to accept bullying and dealing with bullying by coping with the abuse. The article was written in a British journal to deal with different causes of bullying like mass suicide. If really noticed there is a phrase in the title named â€Å"Bullycide† which refers to the cause and effects in one word. Bullying which results in extreme cases such as suicide. This article would make the reader think well and feel the need to do something to change wayward  attitudes towards bullying. The author explain different types that have affected him due to the fact he was not cool or some type of way with his mates. The author went through physical abuse where in London he was bullied nearly everyday of the week at secondary school level, but the author used a quote that explains the strengths of standing out abuse like â€Å"â€Å"Understanding that the accusations, allegations, criticisms, taunts etc that the bullies make are all false and are a projection of the bullies’ own weaknesses, shortcomings, wrongdoings and failings. Whilst the accusations often contain a grain of truth, that grain of truth is there to fool you into thinking the whole accusation has validity, which it does not. The bullies’ have criticisms, allegation, accusation, taunts etc have no validity whatsoever. It is important to understand this† issue is for just a little while before there is a solution. Greenya, John. â€Å"Bullying.† CQ Researcher 4 Feb. 2005: 101-24. Web. 20 Nov. 2014. This article talks about the problems with bullying and perspectives of bullying in schools which causes problems for students who are trying to learn at school but end up skipping due to bullying. All of these are due to the fact there are more privileges being given to the wrong students who are empower to control student associations and et cetera. Students are described as the future of tomorrow in western societies. This article was found useful which talk about the difference in American schools and due to sexual orientation, gender, races things you know? like prejudice. Some of the quotes seen in this paper or used in the paper were used to talk about the verbal implied abuse like when in the article cites the superintendent of an Chicago county quoting what someone said by â€Å"belittling insults about looks and speech where a common form of bullying that won’t be identified†. Another quote from the article talk about the â€Å"verbal bullying can reach a point where the victim is so depressed† and feels the need to commit suicide. One of the issues that is very, very current talks about the â€Å"Gay students who are also three to seven times more likely to attempt suicide; five times likely to miss school because they feel unsafe; four times as likely to be threatened with a weapon at school, and three times as likely  to be hurt so badly in a fight that they need medical attention† from all the bruises collected from fighting. These quotes are useful due to the fact that it talks about the abuse children are getting whether their personal beliefs or just for the perpetrators amusement to be a prick. Hansen, Brian. â€Å"Hazing leading to Bullying.† CQ Researcher 9 Jan. 2004: 1-24. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. This article talks about the impressions form a simple hazing to do things are uncommon. One of the examples that can explain this is when Scott Krueger, a freshman from New York, went into a coma and died after binge drinking 15 shots of whiskey during a hazing ritual at MIT for the now-banned Phi Gamma Delta fraternity. Part of this article focuses on the abuse being used when children are being overzealous or pressured to do something that is not allowed. Just imagine this young individual whose life have wasted due to the â€Å"coolness† of fraternity. Bullying was a key factor in the life of Scott Krueger which led to his death. This article was helpful to me due to the fact it explains avenues in which bullying can be proven. The quote used in the proposal was â€Å"Talking to teens about bullying, explaining that it is wrong and can have serious consequences. Make a rule that teens may not send mean or damaging messages, even if someone else started it, or suggestive pictures or messages or they will lose their cell phone and computer privileges for a time, Encourage teens to tell an adult if cyber bullying is occurring. Tell them if they are the victims they will not be punished, and reassure them that being bullied is not their fault†. This quote falls under the cyber bullying where I painted picture of what if someone did not do something but then was threatened cyberly on the internet. Koch, Kathy. â€Å"Zero Tolerance for School Violence.† CQ Researcher 10 Mar. 2000: 185-208. Web. 22 Nov. 2014. This article talks about the â€Å"A series of schoolyard mass killings in recent years has prompted school officials and lawmakers to impose mandatory punishments for a multitude of misbehaviors, many of them seemingly minor.  Proponents credit tough disciplinary policies with driving school crime rates down. But critics question their effectiveness and worry about the impact the policies are having on individual rights. And civil rights advocates say the policies are being used to kick out minority, disabled and academically challenged students who might drag down standardized test scores. But the latest school violence — the shooting of a Michigan first-grader on Feb. 29 by another 6-year-old — left little doubt that zero-tolerance policies will remain in force†. This phrase was pulled to talk about the widespread of abuse is creeping in schools. This article was helpful to me due to the abuse and violence in schools that need to be approached by law makers. One of the quotes used in the article goes on the physical, cyber and verbal aspect of bullying and can be identified through â€Å"sending mean messages or threats to a person’s email account or cell phone, spreading rumors online or through texts, posting hurtful or threatening messages on social networking sites or web pages, stealing a person’s account information to break into their account and send damaging messages† which can be used as a source of evidence to send the authorities. McGlone, Peggy. â€Å"Bullying Incidents Dropped Sharply in N.J. Public Schools Last Year, Report Finds.† NJ.com. N.p., 13 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Nov. 2014. This article talks about the results from taking a stand against bullying whether in school or outside of school in New Jersey. This article shows that bullying in schools have drastically been dropped. This article used logos by citing numbers and percentages of how went down and what the key steps are in tackling bullying. One of the quotes used in the article for to my proposal was According to the report, more than half of the 8,289 students who committed acts of harassment or bullying were in grades 5 through 8 in schools. Which is to say that some of the actions taken in New Jersey schools were for children who were able to learn the differences of teasing and picking on students. Another quote used in this article was talking about the percentages which another form of logos when stating that out of the students who took surveys for verbal bullying â€Å"77 percent of the bullying was verbally abused† in schools. The quotes from the articles will talk about the reasoning in the aspects of getting verbally abused in  primary and secondary schooling.

Military Leadership

The American Revolution comprised mainly of land based forces in the form of army battalions. Because of the early creations of ammunition, the armies are the only available units in the war. Since this conflict primarily involved the intention of independence, it was a very brute event for the commanders of both sides. Christian men are the most proliferated individuals in this war. Interestingly, the American Revolution had a great influence on liberal thought throughout Europe (American Revolution, 2006). On the other hand, the American civil war was a major war between the forces of the same constituents of a nation. However, because of the relative differences in ideology, the war became inevitable and eventually came into reality. The military people in the American civil war may be perceived to have a balanced approach towards victory. Because of the relative smaller scope, the commanding forces of the army may have been somehow reluctant to fight their own citizen domains. They were very prone to social trauma considering that they live in the same national domain with just a little misunderstanding of idealism approaches. It would have been very hard for the army to fight for both sides since they belong to a single line of citizenship. The most explicit factor in the procedure of this war was the collaboration of slaves and the fighting units until the end of the event. Emancipated slaves fought in several key battles in the last two years of the war (wikipedia, 2007). The military personnel still has the concentration of American males with religious affiliations of Christian origin. This made the war very traumatic for both parties. On the event of the Indian wars, the army still had the opportunity to disclose its might. Although naval and air forces are not very significant during this period war, the relative intensity on the part of the army still focused on the aproach to dislodge what native americans were fighting for. The concentration of Native American and English lineages was the main component of the war. Men were still the most active participants in the war while some females of both social parties were engaged in post war operations. The relative differences in racial characteristics of both sides was the aggravating factor that lead to various levels of fight setbacks. The armies of both sides were willing to win against each other. As with the whole population of the American army, most Americans viewed the Indians as incorrigible and non-reformable savages. Those closest to the warring factions or who were threaten by it, naturally wanted government protection at any cost (Davis, 1999). For World War I, the overall capacity of the army, the navy and the availability of the air force, has dramatically changed the way war is staged. For the army, it was during this time that the physical participation of units is reduced because of advanced weapons and guns. For the navy, a greater scope of challenges was encountered due the international scope of the war. The naval forces played a great role in weakening the offenses of the enemy before letting the army proceed with the fight. On the other hand, the air force became a significant penetration unit to dislocate the stable forces of the enemy nation by targeting its internal strengths. Men are still the main forces in these three force units. However, women participation was very visible in the form of service units. Health care and rehabilitation are the main tasks for women involved in World War I. The religious affiliations were significant factors in this war because of the global scope of the conflict. References: American Revolution. 2006. Complete History-Aftermath. American Revolution. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from http://www.americanrevolution.com/. Davis, S. 1999. Buffalo Soldiers and Indian Wars. Buffalosoldiers. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from http://www.buffalosoldier.net/. Wikipedia. 2007. American Civi War. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War#Military_factors. Â